Showing posts with label Health Policy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Health Policy. Show all posts

1.27.2009

Better Care for Seniors

Beth Baker has published a terrific article that highlights a really fun project I have been working on for the past year. This is an attempt to craft an emergency services center that is designed to meet the needs of older patients.

See what you think.

Washington Post

Kavan Peterson has also put together a nice video on the same subject.




Dignity Champions

I have been very impressed the concept of "Dignity Champions" as a strategy for creating cultures with zero tolerance for elder abuse and neglect. I think that American care providers would benefit if they made explicit use of this concept.




Sir Michael Parkinson has learnt how Anchor Homes has boosted a Government campaign to improve the lives of people living in care homes across the UK.


SirMichaelChampionsTheCallForDignity.JPG

Care Services Minister Phil Hope (far right) and Sir Michael Parkinson meet Anchor Homes’ Managing Director Jane Ashcroft and Help the Aged’s Policy Director Paul Cann for a working lunch at Sir Michael’s restaurant, The Royal Oak, in Maidenhead.



Accompanied by Care Services Minister Phil Hope, Sir Michael learnt how Anchor Homes’ commitment to quality dementia training for its staff has helped the Department of Health pass its goal of 3,000 Dignity Champions nation-wide.

The DoH Dignity in Care Campaign aims to drive up care standards and encourages people to become Dignity Champions, spreading best practice and giving advice. Anchor Homes’ Managing Director Jane Ashcroft said the not-for-profit organisation now had more than 300 Dignity Champions.

Since becoming a Dignity Ambassador in May, Sir Michael has helped raise the profile of the campaign and the work of Dignity Champions. Mr Hope wanted Sir Michael to hear about the success of Anchor Homes.

Mrs Ashcroft, who is also the Vice-Chair of the English Community Care Association (ECCA), said: “Maintaining the dignity of residents must be at the heart of every residential care service. We at Anchor are aware of how important it is to care for people with dementia with the dignity and respect they deserve.

“The number of people with dementia in the UK will soar from 700,000 today to more than a million by 2025. Anchor has addressed this issue head-on, giving dementia care training to more than 5,000 care staff in Anchor’s 102 residential and nursing homes.

“We also have 309 Dignity Champions who have received advanced dementia training. Anchor now has more Dignity Champions than any other care provider outside of the NHS.”

Sir Michael Parkinson added he had been inspired by the Dignity Champions he had met. He said: "I have had have the great honour of meeting some of our nation’s real unsung heroes, hearing their stories and bringing attention to what they are doing to hopefully inspire many others to follow suit.”

Care Services Minister Phil Hope said: “Dignity is about quality of life and enabling people to live their own lives as they wish, confident that the care and support they receive is of high quality.

“Government alone cannot make this happen. I look forward to continuing to work with the wide range of organisations that provide care services and represent the interests of those using them.”



Read more about Dignity Champions here...


Find out more about Anchor Trust's commitment to dignity here...


1.15.2009

Power Up Friday

I know what you're thinking out there - you are expecting me to
blog about the new Clive Ballard dementia study on
anti-psychotic safety. Well, okay, but that seems too easy.
Let's see if we can get more creative with it...

First, the study. Just published in Lancet Neurology is Dr.
Ballard's three-year, placebo controlled study of anti-psychotic
use in people with dementia. The results show a doubled
mortality of those on the drugs. After three years, two thirds
of those taking the placebo were still alive, versus fewer than
one third on the drugs.

UK officials stressed the need to use these drugs sparingly, and
recommended further education and research into alternate
approaches. Regular readers know that we've been blogging about
these concerns for some time. So where else can we go with this?

Let's look at an unrelated (?) Associated Press item from
January 8th: A group of federal scientists has filed a complaint
with the Obama Administration about gross misconduct within the
FDA. Ricardo Alonso-Zalvidar writes that the group alleges that
"agency managers use intimidation to squelch scientific debate,
leading to the approval of medical devices whose effectiveness
is questionable and which may not be entirely safe... Managers
have ordered, intimidated and coerced FDA experts to modify
scientific evaluations, conclusions and recommendations in
violation of the laws...and to accept clinical and technical
data that is not scientifically valid." Similar FDA complaints
arose a few years ago during the firestorm surrounding the drug
Vioxx.

So let's take a bit of a leap and put these two news items
together:

To me, this is another indictment of a system where careful
science is overshadowed by politics and pharmaceutical profit
motives. Superimpose this on a society that increasingly "looks
to the pill" to create health and well-being, and it's no
surprise that we have bought into such a wrong-headed approach
to behavioral symptoms of dementia.

There's a way out, but it's not easy. It requires that we
continue working to change our view of aging, and to see people
with dementia not as broken people to be "managed", but as whole
people whose needs are unmet by our current approach to care. It
takes creativity, artistry and compassion to truly get "out of
the box" and accomplish this.

Next week, I'll summarize the new paradigm that can take us out
of this vicious circle.


1.01.2009

Woooptee Deee Do



Ruth at Cab Drollery catches this article from the NYT...






Starting Jan. 1, the pharmaceutical industry has agreed to a voluntary moratorium on the kind of branded goodies — Viagra pens, Zoloft soap dispensers, Lipitor mugs — that were meant to foster good will and, some would say, encourage doctors to prescribe more of the drugs.

No longer will Merck furnish doctors with purplish adhesive bandages advertising Gardasil, a vaccine against the human papillomavirus. Banished, too, are black T-shirts from Allergan adorned with rhinestones that spell out B-O-T-O-X. So are pens advertising the Sepracor sleep drug Lunesta, in whose barrel floats the brand’s mascot, a somnolent moth.

The new voluntary industry guidelines try to counter the impression that gifts to doctors are intended to unduly influence medicine. The code, drawn up by Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, an industry group in Washington, bars drug companies from giving doctors branded pens, staplers, flash drives, paperweights, calculators and the like.


She adds (and I agree)...

Well, whooptee-damn-doo. That ought to clear up any claims of impropriety, eh?

12.29.2008

Waste Not Want Not

Matt Yglesias has a very insightful post on waste in health care.

BTW he is a great blogger, very much worth keeping an eye on his blog.


He writes...


There’s a real lack of understanding in this country of the extent of the problem of medical waste and what I guess you’d have to call doctors’ incompetence. Uwe Reinhardt has a great post laying much of this out including the striking fact that “on average, American patients receive the recommended treatment for their condition only slightly more than 50 percent of the time.”

The structure of Medicare allows us to do pretty solid apples-to-apples comparisons of what different hospitals are spending on treatment, and the evidence is clear that the hospital-to-hospital variance is costs is large, and in quality is also pretty big, but the differences seem uncorrelated:

According to the Dartmouth researchers, if physicians with relatively higher cost preferred practice styles could be induced to embrace the preferred practice styles of their equally effective but lower-cost colleagues, overall per-capita Medicare spending probably could be reduced by at least 30 percent without harming patients, and similarly for commercially insured younger Americans. How can a nation that routinely wails over its high cost of health care ignore such important research?

I’ve been watching a lot of House re-runs lately, and they’re a striking encapsulation of part of what’s wrong with the way Americans think about medicine. Dr House is unfailingly portrayed as a bad person but a fantastic doctor and the medical ideal is seen to be that of the brilliant explorer-hero who does what it takes to solve the most difficult cases. An alternative model would see the doctor as a kind of custodian of public health. A general practitioner who develops an effective method of nudging people toward quitting smoking or exercising more during his brief post-checkup chats would save many more lives at dramatically lower cost than would all of Dr House’s heroics.

And of course most doctors in the real world aren’t like genius television characters — unleash them from concerns about cost-efficacy and imbue them with a heroic self-conception and they don’t even give you costly-but-effective medicine. Almost half the time they don’t even do the right treatment.


11.21.2008

Power Up Friday

President-elect Obama is facing some challenges that are
unprecedented in recent decades. As he prepares his transition
and selects his advisers, he will need two things to help the US
through the very tough days ahead.

The first thing he will need is leadership - the kind that calls
everyone to work together toward a higher goal, even if the
personal rewards are not evident. The kind of leadership that
Roosevelt had, the kind that Churchill had.

The second thing he needs is elder counsel. No one under 75 has
any real memory of the Great Depression, and few people under 70
have any recollection of World War II. As we look forward toward
a time when the world needs shared sacrifice to survive and
thrive, we would do well to hear the voices of those who have
lived through such times before. What worked and what didn't?
What got people through from day to day? It's not all in the
history books.

Elders don't need to run the country, but they need a formal
advisory voice. Their wisdom and perspective has been sadly
lacking in our government, and many others as well. They need to
be volunteers, not those seeking political office or lobbying
for contracts.

Leadership and elder counsel. Obama has one. He needs the other.

AP


11.13.2008

Power-Up Friday: A Staggering Question of Health Care Ethics

In the latest issue of Health Affairs, medical technology is highlighted and many questions are raised. A study from Stanford reports that even though the use and cost of MRI and CT scans have increased dramatically since 1995, there is little evidence to suggest that there has been an impact on overall health care or mortality outcomes.

The explosion of medical imaging technology since my medical school days is absolutely staggering. Nevertheless, our infatuation with the latest and greatest machines sometimes keeps us from critically examining just how useful they are in the larger scheme of things. With increasingly tough economic questions being asked, these types of studies will put our health care practices under greater scrutiny in the days to come.

Nowhere is this more important than in the care of older adults. Changing medical conditions and life expectancy put even further constraints on the usefulness of diagnostic testing, as comfort and quality of life concerns begin to overshadow the ability to cure disease. A recent task force on colon cancer screening, for example, has recommended it not be done routinely in people over 75, and similar guidelines for prostate cancer suggest that people with a life expectancy of fewer than ten years not be screened.

The point is that we need to look at each individual in terms of their own situation, their prognosis and life goals, before blindly walking through the available diagnosis and treatment options. This requires practitioners to know their patients well and to initiate values-based discussions with each person before deciding how to proceed. These conversations alone may serve to cut the cost of health care dramatically.

Here's a great quote from A. L. Caplan (speaking about nursing homes), which is even more true 18 years after it was written:
"...ethics concerns not only questions of life and death but how one ought to live with and interact with others on a daily basis. The ethics of the ordinary is just as much a part of health care ethics as the ethics of the extraordinary. For the resident, the small decisions of daily life set the boundaries of his or her moral universe."


-- Al Power

10.06.2008

Privatizing Social Security


Strictly from a political point of view, these are dark days for any candidate with a history of supporting George W. Bush's plan to privatize Social Security.



9.12.2008

Power-Up Friday: Taking Stock

As the presidential debates begin and we start hashing over such issues as national security, terrorism, the economy, the environment, etc., I'd like to pause and ask what is it that truly makes a country strong. I have my own opinion (of course). I place a nation's strength and solvency squarely on three fundamentals, which I will refer to with the old moniker of "Health, Education and Welfare".

Health - in order for a nation to be solid and productive, its citizens must have access to good preventive health, and must be secure in having access to effective treatment, should they become ill. A sick population cannot produce, cannot innovate, cannot protect itself from any kind of challenge. Unfortunately, this is not our situation.

With a third of our population either uninsured or under-insured, and an industry that favors expensive intervention over prevention and human services, we are in a precarious position. We already spend far more than any other nation on health care, and many of our outcomes are much worse than many other nations. This situation does not show signs of improving in the near future.

Education - An educated citizenry is the best resource for progress in our rapidly changing world. We are clearly lagging behind many other countries in this measure. A friend of mine recently related that she was asked to help a college student with his calculus homework. She was a bit nervous until she discovered that the problems were similar to what she had learned in middle school in her native Japan!

Unfortunately, we seem to have become a nation that does not value education as highly as we should. We seem to be more concerned with whether our next President can be the kind of person who can "share a beer with the guys". Any candidate's attempt to speak intelligently is often dismissed as "elitism". For the record, elitism, (favoring one group of people over others), better describes those whose policies favor the wealthy, or those who give multibillion dollar no-bid contracts to their former companies.

I don't know about you, but I would want the person who inherits the most powerful job on the planet Earth to be very, very intelligent.

Welfare - a dirty word for many. We have become, more and more, a nation that finds fault with those in need, and the gap between the haves and have-nots widens every year. We seem to have forgotten that charity -- giving without expectation of return -- is a cornerstone of all of the major religions, from the Five Pillars of Islam to the Diamond Sutra to the Sermon on the Mount.

I subscribe to the belief of Dr. Samuel Johnson, who in the 18th century declared, "a decent provision for the poor is a true test of civilization". (BTW, he's also the guy who said "Patriotism is the last refuge of scoundrels".)

In summary, I believe that in our zeal to maintain our position on prominence in the world, the US is forgetting its fundamentals; hence the crumbling infrastructure which, in turn, impacts our economy, energy policy, competitiveness, and overall security. History has shown that most empires and dominant nations do not last longer than 200 years. We need REAL change if we are to avoid being the latest casualty.

-- Al Power

7.25.2008

Power-Up Friday: Prognosis -- Negative

[Editor's Note: Al Power guest blogs weekly for Power-Up Fridays.]

According to the BBC News, the US health report card is out, and the results aren’t good. The American Human Development Report was funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, Oxfam America and the Conrad Hilton Foundation.

This study found that the world’s richest nation has slipped almost to the bottom of the industrialized countries – 42nd – in overall life expectancy. In the overall “human development” score, which takes into account factors of health, education and income, we slipped to 12th.

Further analysis reveals great disparities in outcomes in different geographic or socio-economic groups. We all know this, but the numbers are startling. The Development Index of people in Mississippi is 30 years behind those in Connecticut. In life expectancy, African-American male life spans were 14 years shorter than Asian-American males. African-American life expectancy today trails what it was for the average American in the 1970s.

We have the highest percentage of children living in poverty, the highest percentage of people in prison and our infant mortality rate continues to rank near the bottom. It was estimated that if our infant mortality rate were equal to #1 Sweden’s, an additional 20,000 babies a year would survive!

So how can the world’s richest nation with the highest health care expenditures do so poorly? I would offer the following contributing factors: (1) Poor access to health care, with 47 million uninsured and an equal number with inadequate coverage, (2) inadequate social capital in the realms of maternity and childcare assistance, nutrition programs, etc., (3) money spent promoting high cost pharmaceuticals and filling the coffers of private insurers, rather than giving good preventive care and treatment to all, and (4) concentrated poverty and worsening recession without any sound economic or social policy.

I know some people are going to decry any suggestion of “socialized” health care. I would just point out that the people in those countries that have it are living longer and better than we Americans, and saving money in the process. Maybe it’s time to stop regarding these systems so dismissively and find out why they are so much better than what we have.

-- Al Power

7.01.2008

Arkansas Green House


Some good news in Arkansas...


"One size doesn't fit all," Congressman John Boozman, a strong advocate for improvements to senior care, told a group gathered to celebrate the first shovels of dirt turned for the Green House Assisted Living project in November. "These are the kinds of projects that really do change people's lives."

Now that the finishing touches are being put on the exteriors of the first four Green Houses, a stateof-the-art assisted living environment at Legacy Village, the calls are rolling in. For the past several months, visual progress on the Green Houses has prompted a growing list of seniors and their loved ones to inquire about what will be the first project of its kind in Arkansas.

The Green House model was developed by Dr. Bill Thomas, a nationally recognized geriatrician dedicated to eliminating institutionalstyle nursing homes in America. The Green House success story began with the opening of Thomas' pilot project in Tupelo, Miss., in 2002. There are now 10 such projects across the country.



5.30.2008

Power-Up Friday: Is Grandma Drugged Up?

pharma.jpeg
Check out the news article on CNN.com, "Is Grandma drugged up?". This is important information, especially for older health care consumers.

The article states that 38 million older Americans suffer from drug complications every year, 180,000 of which are life-threatening.

It adds that people over 65 have a "risk for drug errors" that is seven times greater than those under 65. I'm not sure if their wording is correct here. This ratio might actually reflect the risk of drug complications, not errors. Either way, it is an important caution for older people on multiple medications, (see my post from April 25).

New drugs are rarely tested on older people before FDA approval. The study populations are carefully selected to minimize risk. That's not necessarily a bad thing; but after approval, the companies will often take drugs tested in healthy 40 and 50 year-olds, and promote them for people in their 70s and 80s. It is NOT a valid assumption that these pills will have the same efficacy and safety in older people.

I'm not a big fan of CNN-TV, which seems to use a lot of fearmongering and histrionics to peddle its news. However, this article is a good read. It has lists of potentially harmful drugs and drug interactions, instructions for doing a "brown bag review" of your pills, and suggestions for discussing these concerns with your doctor. Check it out!

--Al Power

5.29.2008

Culture Change

The main nursing home trade association shines a light on culture change.

Interesting.


It’s no secret that adopting culture change principles in a nursing home is the right thing to do. But a new report from the Commonwealth Fund finds that it may be better for business too.

Take staff retention. Researchers found that 59% of nursing homes who implemented seven or more culture change intiatives, like letting residents determine their daily schedule or asking nursing assistants to participate in care planning, had improved their staff retention rate since they implemented these initiatives.

That’s not all. Occupancy rates went up and operating costs fell as nursing homes adopted more programs that empowered direct care staff and focused on residents’ needs and preferences.

That’s not to say these programs aren’t costly. 31% of nursing homes surveyed reported that cost was the biggest barrier to implmenting more culture change programs in their facility. This survey, however, begs the question: does embracing culture change give nursing homes a better “bang for their buck?”



5.15.2008

Power-Up Friday: Enough Mickey Mouse Health Care

Reporting from Disney World, where I'm speaking at a conference:

Associated Press reporter Linda Johnson reported Wednesday in the Washington Post that 51 percent of all insured Americans are on at least one prescription drug for a chronic medical condition. The breakdown includes: two-thirds of women 20 and over, one quarter of children and teens, 52 percent of men and three-quarters of people age 65 and over.

In the final group, 28 percent of women and 22 percent of men are on 5 or more prescription drugs!

In spite of spending more money per capita than any other nation, the US continues to lag many other countries in life expectancy and other important health indicators.

Experts interviewed attributed this trend to poorer public health and more aggressive early treatment of conditions like hypertension and high cholesterol. Average body weight in US adults and children is higher than ever.

Yes, BUT...

- How many of these early treatments truly improve quality and quantity of life, and how many are fueled by relentless advertising by the pharmaceutical companies, and ready reimbursement through Medicare D and other plans? People in other industrialized nations don't treat so aggressively, yet they live longer. We need more evidence-based studies that are not sponsored by the people selling the drugs!
- How much of the pile of health care dollars do we spend for prevention, education and public health improvements? Have we decided that it's just easier to prescribe (or take) one more pill?
- Everyone runs away from the idea of universal coverage because of the fear that it will place too much of a financial burden on companies and taxpayers. Has anyone considered what it costs us all to have such poor public health and 50 million uninsured people?

-- Al Power

5.14.2008

Pinnacle of Adaptation

category_bug_geriatrician.gif[Editor's Note: Below is a teaser to Dr. Thomas' new health column to be published bimonthly on www.timegoesby.net. Thanks to Ronni Bennett for inviting Bill to become the TGB Geriatrician.]

I am excited about guest blogging here with Ronni Bennett. TGB is a terrific blog and if I can add something of value to this community, I will be happy.

I am a physician and my background is in Family Medicine and Geriatrics.

My approach to medical issues tends to focus more on the big questions of emphasis and interpretation and less on specific remedies. (Although I do get into that from time to time.) In medical school we used to joke that certain professors seemed to have favorite molecules that they studied exhaustively. That's never really been my thing.

What do I mean by big ideas? Well, how about this: I believe that older people are the healthiest people on the planet.

Huh?

Aren't old people sick most of the time? What about all of the billions of dollars we spend on Medicare? What about the statistics that show older people using the most health care resources per capita of any age group?

Those objections are valid, but they miss the deeper reality.

Click here to continue reading the TGB Geriatrician...